Drug
D0008 | Arsenic trioxide
L
L01XX27 Arsenic trioxide
[L01XX] Other antineoplastic agents
[L01X] OTHER ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS
[L01] ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS
[L] Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents
L01XC06 Cetuximab
[L01XC] Monoclonal antibodies
[L01X] OTHER ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS
[L01] ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS
[L] Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents
| Toxicity | Dose | Time | Species | Model | Method | Action | Positive criterion | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MEMBRANE POTENTIAL | 237.9 µM | 30 mins | mouse | liver mitochondria | Rh123 fluorescence (excitation 485 nm, emission 535 nm) are recorded using a fluorescence multi-well plate reader (mCICCP (20 µM) treatments was considered as the 100% baseline for ΔΨm loss) | decrease | EC20 | 36 |
| RESPIRATION | < 50 µM | 60 mins | mouse | liver mitochondria | Oxygen consumption was monitored with 50nM MitoXpress ( an oxygen-sensitive phosphorescent dye) using a spectrofluorimeter (Tecan Infinite 200; λExcitation 380nm; λEmission 650nm). Rotenone (2µM) was used as 100% baseline for complex I inhibition. | decrease | EC20 | 36 |
| RESPIRATION | 0.9 µM | 60 mins | mouse | liver mitochondria | Oxygen consumption was monitored with 50nM MitoXpress ( an oxygen-sensitive phosphorescent dye) using a spectrofluorimeter (Tecan Infinite 200; λExcitation 380nm; λEmission 650nm). Oligomycin A (1µM) was used as 100% baseline for complex II inhibition. | decrease | EC20 | 36 |
| SWELLING | > 200 µM | 30 mins | mouse | liver mitochondria | swelling assay: Absorbance at 545 nm using a fluorescence multi-well plate reader (CaCl2 (50 µM) was considered as the 100% baseline for the swelling ) | increase | EC20 | 36 |
| Target | Dose | Time | Species | Model | Method | Action | Positive criterion | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NADH:ubiquinone reductase | < 50 µM | 60 mins | mouse | liver mitochondria | Oxygen consumption was monitored with 50nM MitoXpress ( an oxygen-sensitive phosphorescent dye) using a spectrofluorimeter (Tecan Infinite 200; λExcitation 380nm; λEmission 650nm). Rotenone (2µM) was used as 100% baseline for complex I inhibition. | inhibit | EC20 | 36 |
| Succinate dehydrogenase | 0.9 µM | 60 mins | mouse | liver mitochondria | Oxygen consumption was monitored with 50nM MitoXpress ( an oxygen-sensitive phosphorescent dye) using a spectrofluorimeter (Tecan Infinite 200; λExcitation 380nm; λEmission 650nm). Oligomycin A (1µM) was used as 100% baseline for complex II inhibition. | inhibit | EC20 | 36 |
| Cytochrome c | > 200 µM | 30 mins | mouse | liver mitochondria | Cytochrome c release was evaluated using ELISA kit ( 20 µg/ml Alamethicin was used as 100% baseline) | release | EC20 | 36 |
| Organism | Test type | Route | Dose (normalized dose) | Effect | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| man | LDLo | oral | 29mg/kg (29mg/kg) | Annals of Emergency Medicine. Vol. 16, Pg. 702, 1987. | |
| pigeon | LDLo | intradermal | 100mg/kg (100mg/kg) | "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." Vol. 4, Pg. 1306, 1935. | |
| dog | LDLo | oral | 10mg/kg (10mg/kg) | "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." Vol. 4, Pg. 1306, 1935. | |
| man | LDLo | oral | 286mg/kg (286mg/kg) | Journal of Toxicology, Clinical Toxicology. Vol. 29, Pg. 45, 1991. | |
| man | LDLo | oral | 114mg/kg (114mg/kg) | Human & Experimental Toxicology. Vol. 18, Pg. 640, 1999. | |
| women | TDLo | oral | 549mg/kg (549mg/kg) | Japanese Journal of Acute Medicine. Vol. 20, Pg. 1557, 1996. | |
| rat | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 871mg/kg (871mg/kg) | Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 19(3), Pg. 30, 1975. | |
| mouse | LD50 | intravenous | 10700ug/kg (10.7mg/kg) | Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Vol. 78, Pg. 392, 1951. | |
| rat | LD50 | oral | 14600ug/kg (14.6mg/kg) | Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 52(1), Pg. 21, 1987. | |
| dog | LDLo | intradermal | 2mg/kg (2mg/kg) | "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." Vol. 4, Pg. 1306, 1935. | |
| chicken | LDLo | intradermal | 13mg/kg (13mg/kg) | "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." Vol. 4, Pg. 1306, 1935. | |
| man | LDLo | oral | 2857mg/kg (2857mg/kg) | Journal of Toxicology, Clinical Toxicology. Vol. 29, Pg. 131, 1991. | |
| rabbit | LDLo | intravenous | 10560ug/kg (10.56mg/kg) | Biochemische Zeitschrift. Vol. 70, Pg. 144, 1915. | |
| man | LDLo | unreported | 2941ug/kg (2.941mg/kg) | "Poisoning; Toxicology, Symptoms, Treatments," 2nd ed., Arena, J.M., Springfield, IL, C.C. Thomas, 1970Vol. 2, Pg. 73, 1970. | |
| cattle | LDLo | oral | 30mg/kg (30mg/kg) | "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." Vol. 4, Pg. 1306, 1935. | |
| mouse | LD50 | subcutaneous | 9800ug/kg (9.8mg/kg) | Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Vol. 78, Pg. 392, 1951. | |
| rat | LDLo | subcutaneous | 8mg/kg (8mg/kg) | skin and appendages (skin): corrosive: after topical exposure | Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 19, Pg. 337, 1922. |
| human | LDLo | oral | 1429ug/kg (1.429mg/kg) | Yakkyoku. Pharmacy. Vol. 31, Pg. 1247, 1980. | |
| women | TDLo | oral | 20mg/kg (20mg/kg) | International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. Vol. 68, Pg. 342, 1996. | |
| rat | LDLo | unreported | 8mg/kg (8mg/kg) | Biochemische Zeitschrift. Vol. 184, Pg. 360, 1927. | |
| mouse | LD50 | oral | 31500ug/kg (31.5mg/kg) | Zhonghua Yufangyixue Zazhi. Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine. Vol. 14, Pg. 86, 1980. | |
| rabbit | LD50 | oral | 20190ug/kg (20.19mg/kg) | Zhonghua Yufangyixue Zazhi. Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine. Vol. 22, Pg. 284, 1988. | |
| man | TDLo | oral | 14857ug/kg (14.857mg/kg) | Journal of Toxicology, Clinical Toxicology. Vol. 36, Pg. 27, 1998. | |
| man | LDLo | oral | 123mg/kg (123mg/kg) | Journal of Forensic Sciences. Vol. 36, Pg. 1163, 1992. | |
| women | TDLo | oral | 100mg/kg (100mg/kg) | Journal of Toxicology, Clinical Toxicology. Vol. 38, Pg. 471, 2000. | |
| AKOS015903780 | Arsenic(III) oxide, 99.995% trace metals basis | Arsenic(III) oxide, ACS reagent (primary standard) |
| Arsenic(III) oxide, ReagentPlus(R), >=99.0% | Arsenic(III) oxide, SAJ first grade, >=99.0% | Arsenic(III) oxide, certified reference material for titrimetry, certified by BAM, according to ISO 17025, >99.5% |
| Arsenic(III) oxide, p.a., 99.0% | Arsenic(III) oxide, primary standard | Arsenic(III) oxide, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, 99.95-100.05% (RT) |
| DB01169 | IKWTVSLWAPBBKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N | J-006219 |
| MFCD00003433 | NSC92859 | TR-004471 |
| arsenic(iii)oxide,arsenic trioxide,arsenous acid anhydride,arsenous acid,arsenic sesquioxide,white arsenic |
| DrugBank Name | Arsenic trioxide |
| DrugBank | DB01169 |
| CAS Number | 1327-53-3 |
| PubChem Compound | 261004 |
| KEGG Compound ID | C13619 |
| KEGG Drug | D02106 |
| PubChem.Substance | 46506448 |
| ChEBI | 30621 |
| PharmGKB | PA448486 |
| ChemSpider | 229103 |
| TTD | DNC000255 |
| Wikipedia | Arsenic_trioxide |
| DPD | 3812 |
1. Dykens et al. (2007)