Drug
D0192 | Manganese
| Toxicity | Dose | Time | Species | Model | Method | Action | Positive criterion | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MEMBRANE POTENTIAL | > 800 µM | 30 mins | mouse | liver mitochondria | Rh123 fluorescence (excitation 485 nm, emission 535 nm) are recorded using a fluorescence multi-well plate reader (mCICCP (20 µM) treatments was considered as the 100% baseline for ΔΨm loss) | decrease | EC20 | 36 |
| RESPIRATION | > 400 µM | 60 mins | mouse | liver mitochondria | Oxygen consumption was monitored with 50nM MitoXpress ( an oxygen-sensitive phosphorescent dye) using a spectrofluorimeter (Tecan Infinite 200; λExcitation 380nm; λEmission 650nm). Rotenone (2µM) was used as 100% baseline for complex I inhibition. | decrease | EC20 | 36 |
| RESPIRATION | > 400 µM | 60 mins | mouse | liver mitochondria | Oxygen consumption was monitored with 50nM MitoXpress ( an oxygen-sensitive phosphorescent dye) using a spectrofluorimeter (Tecan Infinite 200; λExcitation 380nm; λEmission 650nm). Oligomycin A (1µM) was used as 100% baseline for complex II inhibition. | decrease | EC20 | 36 |
| SWELLING | > 800 µM | 30 mins | mouse | liver mitochondria | swelling assay: Absorbance at 545 nm using a fluorescence multi-well plate reader (CaCl2 (50 µM) was considered as the 100% baseline for the swelling ) | increase | EC20 | 36 |
| MITOCHONDRIAL DYNAMICS | Infusion of 1 μM MnCl2 | Rat glia | 247 | |||||
| H2O2 PRODUCTION | 15 mg/l in drinking water | Swiss Albino mice | increase | 242 | ||||
| ANTIOXIDANT PRODUCTION | 0.1–10 μM | Sprague Dawley rat astrocytes and microglia cell culture | reduce | 242 | ||||
| Target | Dose | Time | Species | Model | Method | Action | Positive criterion | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NADH:ubiquinone reductase | > 400 µM | 60 mins | mouse | liver mitochondria | Oxygen consumption was monitored with 50nM MitoXpress ( an oxygen-sensitive phosphorescent dye) using a spectrofluorimeter (Tecan Infinite 200; λExcitation 380nm; λEmission 650nm). Rotenone (2µM) was used as 100% baseline for complex I inhibition. | inhibit | EC20 | 36 |
| Succinate dehydrogenase | > 400 µM | 60 mins | mouse | liver mitochondria | Oxygen consumption was monitored with 50nM MitoXpress ( an oxygen-sensitive phosphorescent dye) using a spectrofluorimeter (Tecan Infinite 200; λExcitation 380nm; λEmission 650nm). Oligomycin A (1µM) was used as 100% baseline for complex II inhibition. | inhibit | EC20 | 36 |
| oxidized glutathione | 0.1–10 μM | Sprague Dawley rat astrocytes and microglia cell culture | 242 | |||||
| Cytochrome c | > 800 µM | 30 mins | mouse | liver mitochondria | Cytochrome c release was evaluated using ELISA kit ( 20 µg/ml Alamethicin was used as 100% baseline) | release | EC20 | 36 |
| 15365-82-9 | 16397-91-4 | C19610 |
| CHEBI:29035 | CTK4C7940 | DB06757 |
| DTXSID00167687 | H6EP7W5457 | Hexaaquamanganese(2+) ion |
| LS-89223 | MANGANESE(II) ION | Manganese (Mn2+) |
| Manganese cation | Manganese cation (2+) | Manganese cation (Mn2+) |
| Manganese dication | Manganese ion(2+) | Manganese(2+) |
| Manganese(2+) ion | Manganese(2+), hexaaqua-, ion | Manganese(2+)ions |
| Manganese(II) | Manganese, ion (Mn2+) | Manganous cation |
| Manganous dication | Manganous ion | Mn(2+) |
| Mn(II) | Mn(II) (incorrect) | Mn++ |
| Mn2+ | MnII | Q27095727 |
| UNII-H6EP7W5457 | WAEMQWOKJMHJLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N | at. no. 25 |
| ion (Mn2+) | manganese (II) | manganese ion |
1. West. (2017)
2. Gonzalez-Hunt et al., 2014
3. Meyer et al. (2013)
4. Meyer et al. (2017)
5. Alaimo et al. (2014)